PILOT TEA AP® Biology
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Review Questions

Resource ID: yKQa_4Me@1.76
Grade Range: HS - 12
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Review Questions

Review Questions

1.
Although most types of hormones are lipid insoluble, there are some that are lipid soluble and can therefore diffuse through plasma membranes. What class of hormones can diffuse through plasma membranes?
  1. lipid-derived hormones
  2. amino acid-derived hormones
  3. peptide hormones
  4. glycoprotein hormones
2.
Mary produces relatively low amounts of estradiol and cortisol, but is able to produce proper amounts of other hormones such as thyroxine and insulin. Identify the chemical class of hormones that Mary has difficulty producing.
  1. lipid-derived hormones
  2. amino acid-derived hormones
  3. peptide hormones
  4. glycoprotein hormones
3.
An endocrinologist is a physician whose specialty is treating endocrine-related disorders. Which of the following diseases would be monitored and treated by an endocrinologist?
  1. schizophrenia
  2. Alzheimer’s disease
  3. Parkinson’s disease
  4. Grave’s disease
4.
Robert underwent a test to determine if he was diabetic. Within 1.5 hours of eating, his blood glucose was normal. What can be determined from these results?
  1. The pancreas is over-producing insulin.
  2. The pancreas is under-producing insulin.
  3. The pancreas is producing an adequate amount of insulin.
  4. The pancreas is not producing any insulin.
5.
The hormone that triggers the flight-or-fight response, epinephrine, is derived from tyrosine, and the hormone that regulates circadian rhythms, melatonin, is derived from tryptophan. What class of hormone are these?
  1. lipid-derived hormones
  2. amino acid-derived hormones
  3. peptide hormones
  4. glycoprotein hormones
6.
A newly discovered hormone contains four amino acids linked together. Identify the chemical class under which this hormone would be classified.
  1. lipid-derived hormones
  2. amino acid-derived hormones
  3. peptide hormones
  4. glycoprotein hormones
7.
Changes in the body can be mediated by direct or indirect mechanisms. What facilitate(s) direct mediation of change by hormones?
  1. intracellular hormone receptors
  2. cell surface receptors
  3. up-regulation
  4. down-regulation
8.
How do thyroid hormones stimulate metabolic activity throughout the body?
  1. Specialized thyroid-receiving tissues are located throughout the body.
  2. Blood circulation stimulates metabolic activity.
  3. Different tissues have thyroid hormone receptors.
  4. Thyroid tissue is located throughout the body.
9.
Different hormones have different roles in cell signaling. Identify the term for a hormone that initiates cell-signaling pathways.
  1. intracellular hormone receptor
  2. cell surface receptor
  3. first messenger
  4. second messenger
10.
A new antagonist molecule has been discovered that binds to and blocks plasma membrane receptors. Describe the affect this antagonist will have on testosterone, which is a steroid hormone.
  1. This molecule will block testosterone from binding to its receptor.
  2. This molecule will block testosterone from activating cAMP signaling.
  3. This molecule will increase testosterone-mediated signaling.
  4. This molecule will not affect testosterone-mediated signaling.
11.

Consuming certain products cause a change in urine output. This likely occurs because these products ________.

  1. inhibits ADH release
  2. stimulates ADH release
  3. inhibits TSH release
  4. stimulates TSH release
12.

FSH and LH release from the anterior pituitary is stimulated by ________.

  1. TSH
  2. GnRH
  3. T3
  4. PTH
13.

What hormone is produced by beta cells of the pancreas?

  1. T3
  2. glucagon
  3. insulin
  4. T4
14.

When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates ________.

  1. excretion of calcium from the kidneys
  2. excretion of calcium from the intestines
  3. osteoblasts
  4. osteoclasts
15.
What enzyme is released when blood pressure drops and stimulates a cascade of events for hormones that promote water reabsorption?
  1. aldosterone
  2. renin
  3. antidiuretic hormone
  4. osmoreceptors
16.

The hypothalamus is responsible for a diverse array of metabolic and autonomic nervous system functions. For example, the hypothalamus produces ________ during puberty.

  1. follicle-stimulating hormone
  2. luteinizing hormone
  3. inhibin
  4. gonadotropin-releasing hormone
17.
Sandra wants to get pregnant but learns that she does not produce a sufficient amount of prolactin. Describe how her reproductive abilities will be affected.
  1. Her uterus will not contract during childbirth.
  2. She will not ovulate.
  3. Her body will not be prepared for pregnancy.
  4. She will be unable to produce milk.
18.

Different hormones are released as short-term and long-term stress responses. ________ is/are released as a long-term stress response.

  1. Epinephrine
  2. Parathyroid hormone
  3. Corticosteroids
  4. T3 and T4
19.

If you overproduce insulin after eating a meal, you may experience ________.

  1. diabetes mellitus
  2. diabetes insipidus
  3. hyperglycemia
  4. hypoglycemia
20.
Charlie has been diagnosed with acromegaly. Identify the symptom(s) that he may have.
  1. symmetric body formation
  2. excessive body growth
  3. enlarged hand, feet, and face bones
  4. weak bones and nervous system impairment
21.

There are substantially more hormones that undergo a negative-feedback loop than a positive-feedback loop. Which of the following hormones is regulated by a positive-feedback loop.

  1. thyroxine
  2. oxytocin
  3. triiodothyronine
  4. insulin
22.
Describe what occurs if a hormone is released by a hormonal stimulus.
  1. Hormone release is stimulated by the nervous system.
  2. Hormone release is stimulated by change in the blood.
  3. Hormone release is stimulated by the external environment.
  4. Hormone release is stimulated by another hormone.
23.
A rise in blood glucose levels triggers release of insulin from the pancreas. What type of stimulus initiates insulin release?
  1. humoral
  2. hormonal
  3. neural
  4. negative
24.

Why is the release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) considered a hormonal stimulus?

  1. TSH production is triggered by the nervous system.
  2. TSH production is triggered by blood ion concentration change.
  3. TSH triggers epinephrine production.
  4. TSH triggers the production of T3 and T4.
25.
What kind of stimulus promotes hormone release in response to ion concentrations in the blood?
  1. humoral stimulus
  2. hormonal stimulus
  3. neural stimulus
  4. negative stimulus
26.
Which of the following endocrine glands control kidney function?
  1. circadian rhythms
  2. secondary sex characteristics
  3. blood calcium levels
  4. blood glucose
27.
The islets of Langerhans are clusters of endocrine cells in the pancreas. The function of the islets of Langerhans is to regulate _____
  1. regulate circadian rhythms
  2. regulate secondary sex characteristics
  3. regulate blood calcium levels
  4. regulate blood glucose
28.
What do adipose tissues release after a meal?
  1. erythropoietin
  2. leptin
  3. atrial natriuretic peptide
  4. gastrin
29.

Describe how the kidneys and adrenal cortex work together to increase blood volume.

  1. The adrenal cortex produces renin, which affects aldosterone secretion by the kidneys.
  2. The kidneys produce renin, which affects aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex.
  3. The kidneys produce calcitrol, which affects renin secretion by the adrenal cortex.
  4. The kidneys produce calcitrol, which affects aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex.
30.
The anterior pituitary produces several hormones. Identify which of the following hormones is not produced by the anterior pituitary.
  1. oxytocin
  2. growth hormone
  3. prolactin
  4. thyroid-stimulating hormone

 

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