Sections
Key Terms
Key Terms
- complex machine
- a machine that combines two or more simple machines
- efficiency
- output work divided by input work
- energy
- the ability to do work
- gravitational potential energy
- energy acquired by doing work against gravity
- ideal mechanical advantage
- the mechanical advantage of an idealized machine that loses no energy to friction
- inclined plane
- a simple machine consisting of a slope
- input work
- effort force multiplied by the distance over which it is applied
- joule
- the metric unit for work and energy; equal to 1 newton meter (N∙m)
- kinetic energy
- energy of motion
- law of conservation of energy
- states that energy is neither created nor destroyed
- lever
- a simple machine consisting of a rigid arm that pivots on a fulcrum
- mechanical advantage
- the number of times the input force is multiplied
- mechanical energy
- kinetic or potential energy
- output work
- output force multiplied by the distance over which it acts
- potential energy
- stored energy
- power
- the rate at which work is done
- pulley
- a simple machine consisting of a rope that passes over one or more grooved wheels
- screw
- a simple machine consisting of a spiral inclined plane
- simple machine
- a machine that makes work easier by changing the amount or direction of force required to move an object
- watt
- the metric unit of power; equivalent to joules per second
- wedge
- a simple machine consisting of two back-to-back inclined planes
- wheel and axle
- a simple machine consisting of a rod fixed to the center of a wheel
- work
- force multiplied by distance
- work–energy theorem
- states that the net work done on a system equals the change in kinetic energy