The learner explores the structure and function of the nucleic acids and enzymes important to the process of synthesizing proteins.

Learners compare a variety of prokaryotes and eukaryotes to determine similarities and differences among and between them.

Learners calculate the probability of genotypic inheritance and phenotypic expression using mono- and dihybrid crosses.

Learners analyze and evaluate the effects of other evolutionary mechanisms.

Learners analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry among groups is provided by the fossil record, biogeography, and homologies, including anatomical, molecular, and developmental.

Given examples, students will recognize the importance of taxonomy to the scientific community.

Given illustrations or descriptions, students will determine the classification of organisms into domains and kingdoms.

Given illustrations, students will analyze the flow of matter and energy in food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids.